
An Act respecting certain measures relating to the security of the border between Canada and the United States and respecting other related security measure

Justice Canada’s Charter Statement on Bill C-22
The Charter Statement shares some of the Minister’s key considerations that informed the review of the bill for inconsistency with the Charter.

Justice Canada’s Backgrounder on Bill C-22
The Charter Statement shares some of the Minister’s key considerations that informed the review of the bill for inconsistency with the Charter.

Explainer: Bill C-22 increases risk of surveillance state, government spying
Bill C-22 no longer contains some of the controversial measures that the Canadian Constitution Foundation warned about, but it appears to create an even greater risk of a surveillance state than Bill C-2.

Canada’s Bill C-22: New Police Powers Raise Privacy Alarms
The Liberal government announced a new digital surveillance legislation. This bill hands more power to the cops and intelligence agents so they can keep tabs on criminals or terror suspects online.

The Lawful Access Privacy Risks: Unpacking Bill C-22’s Expansive Metadata Retention Requirements
Mandatory metadata retention is one of the most privacy invasive tools a government can deploy. It wasn’t in the original lawful access bill, but has been quietly added to Bill C-22

A Tale of Two Bills
Lawful access returns with changes to warrantless access, but dangerous backdoor surveillance risks remain

Bill C-2 Redline
A (hastily created) comparison showing the changes to the government’s earlier attempt (Parts 14 and 15 of Bill C-2). Credit Christopher Ferguson

Ottawa Reboots Its Lawful Access Bill: What C-22 Fixes and What It Doesn’t
A snapshot of key changes that stand out in C-22

Federal government pitches new bill increasing law enforcement’s access to information
Bill C-22 increases law enforcement’s access to information through the introduction of new tools.

New lawful access bill still lacking
The federal government has tabled Bill C-22, a second attempt at legislation, but observers said it only fixes a few of the problems that plagued C-2, tabled last year

New lawful access bill still lacking
A new lawful access law aimed at helping police and national security agencies identify people suspected of crimes online.

Lawful Access (Bill C22) is a Stealth Attack on Canadian Liberties
Bill C-22 grants Public Safety Minister Gary Anandasangaree unprecedented authority to shape and enforce surveillance mandates with minimal checks.

Canada’s Bill C-22 Mandates Mass Metadata Surveillance of Canadians
The government insists it isn’t surveilling ordinary Canadians; it’s just requiring every company to store their location data, device information, and daily movements for a year, just in case.

